A human factors methodology for real-time support applications

A general approach to the human factors (HF) analysis of new or existing projects at NASA/Goddard is delineated. Because the methodology evolved from HF evaluations of the Mission Planning Terminal (MPT) and the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite Mission Operations Room (ERBS MOR), it is directed specifically to the HF analysis of real-time support applications. Major topics included for discussion are the process of establishing a working relationship between the Human Factors Group (HFG) and the project, orientation of HF analysts to the project, human factors analysis and review, and coordination with major cycles of system development. Sub-topics include specific areas for analysis and appropriate HF tools. Management support functions are outlined. References provide a guide to sources of further information

Human Factors Considerations in System Design

Human factors considerations in systems design was examined. Human factors in automated command and control, in the efficiency of the human computer interface and system effectiveness are outlined. The following topics are discussed: human factors aspects of control room design; design of interactive systems; human computer dialogue, interaction tasks and techniques; guidelines on ergonomic aspects of control rooms and highly automated environments; system engineering for control by humans; conceptual models of information processing; information display and interaction in real time environments

Durability improvement of ancient bricks by cementation of porous media

The physicomechanical properties of historic bricks in Toledo (Spain) that have undergone a time-dependent self-healing by natural weathering processes have been improved by porous infill with gypsum, ettringite, and, mainly, calcite. Both these bricks and their experimental replica bricks, made from the original calcareous clays fired at the appropriate historical temperatures (700°–900°C), have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, optical and scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and ultrasound velocities to compare pore structure and strength evolution by mineral cementation. The resultant microstructure and mineral fillings depend on the brick calcareous composition and firing temperature, the brick location environment, burial, indoor or outdoor walls, the lime-based joint mortars and coat plasters, and infiltration waters.Supported by the Plan Nacional de I+D CICYT 1FD, Grant no. 1997-0561 (Spain) and the CICYT-JCCM (agreement 2002–2004) (Spain)